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Cau1: hay phan loai BDT ung dung va cac tso dac trung cua BDT. Trong kthac co the dchinh dc cac tso nao?

Tl:

1. Dua vao nguyen ly lviec cua cac ptu cam ung( BDT ve co gioi, thuy luc, dien)

2. Dua vao xung tac dung vao BDT( BDT 1 xung, 2x)

3. Dua vao cong dung( BDT 1che do, 2cd,3cd)

4. Dua vao sai so dchinh( huu sai, vo sai tdong gian tiep lhe nguocmem)

5. Dua vao cau tao( BDT doclap, khong doclap)

6. Dua vao pp truyen nang luong tu ptu cam ung toi co cau dkhien( BDT truc tiep"1,2,3 che do"/ BDT gian tiep"lhe nguoc cung, mem, ko co lhe nguoc)

Cac tso cua BDT

1. He so ko nhay ε: dtrung cho sum sat cua nhung ctiet cdong, tinh quan tinh cau cac ctiet va do ro mon cua cac ctiet trong BDT ε=3-5%

2. He so khong dong deu δ: la ts danhgia su lviec co sai so cua BDT va thuong cho fep ko qua 5%dco lai mphat va 10% dco lai cvit

3. Thoi gian dieu chinh Tdc: la khoang tg la BDT lv de dua vquay tug tri sai lech ve gtri dat truouc cho phep

4. Do lech dong δd: gtri sai lech tuc thoi cua gtri vquay dco ma BDT co the tdung.

Trong khai thac co the dchinh δ, Tdc, δd

Cau2: BDt co lhe nguoc tong hop(hinh ve , nguyenly hd,..

3. dac diem cua BDT nay: co tinh on dinh tot, tinh chat dong cua BDT co the dchinh dc thong qua chinh do mo cua van tiet luu K, hay noi cach khac la hieu chinh thoi gian can bang

4. Ung dung: dc sd rong tren tauthuy: lai cvit, lai may phat dien

5. cac pp hieu chinh

A. hieu chinh van tiet luu: khi van tiet luu dong hoan toan thi tgian tro ve trthai cbang cua dco keo dai> tgian dieu chinh bi keo dai dieu nay nguy hiem cho dco lam viec //. Khi van mo qua lon lam cho BDT p/ung qua nhanh lam thanh rang BCA thay doi nhanh va bi dao dong manh lam cho cac chi tiet cua BDT maim on nhanh

B.hieu chinh he so khong dong deu δ: chinh thong qua num "speedrop" khi dat num o vtri"o" vquay dco dc duy tri ko doi. Khi dat vtri khac o thi ptai tang, vquay giam di 1 it va nguoc lai

Tren thuc te tuy thuoc vao chuc nang cua dco dung de lai ptai gi ma nguoi ta se dat cac gtri δ cho hop ly. d/v may phat thi δ=0-5%, d/v dco lai cvit thi δ=0-12%

Cau3: trinh bay nhung hu hong thuong gap cua BDT, bp khac phuc?

1. Dau ra cua BDT dao dong: ktra cac ctiet dan dong, su lap rap, kim van tietlu ko dung >phai ktra va chinh laic ho phu hop. Lo xo can qua yeu do qua cu> thay moi dung chung loai.

2. BDT lviec ko on dinh: do dau ko dbao ve soluong va chluong>bo sung , thay moi dau cung chung loai> xa E hieu chinh van kim.

3. Do hanh trinh BDT qua ngan> ktra ty le truyen tin hieu,

4. lo xo giam chan yeu: ktra ty le truyen, thay moi dung chung lai.

5. Do ap suat dau BCA qua thap ktra bom vao BDT

6. BDT co htuong qua chinh va tgian dieu chinh lon: do dong, mo van tietluu ko dung,

7. Ket thanh rang: do ma sat qua lon

8. Van giam ap khi dkhien lviec ko on dinh

9. Do chinh BDT ko dung

Cau4: cac yto cthiet d/v BDTde cac dco lv //? Gthich ko sd BDT vosai...

1. d/v dco diesel lv //(cung lai 1 cvit qua hop giam toc) muon dbao cluong dong bo cac BDT lap cho cac dco can co nhung dkien sau:

+d/v che do tinh: 1/ toc do quay cac dco=nhau:n1=n2=n3.. 2/ hso ko dong deu cua cac BDt=nhauδ1=δ2=δ3 3/ hso ko nhay= nhau

+ d/v che do dong BDT phai dbao: 1/ tgian dieu chinh phai nhu nhauTdc1=Tdc2... 2/do qua chinh ∆ymax1=∆ymax2...

2. trong thuc te hau nhu nguoi ta ko sd BDT vosai choc ac dco lv // vi khi ptai thaydoi se co htuong dco cuop tai cua dco kia. Do 1dco nhan tai tang len con dco kia nhe tai. Gsu 2dco lv// lai chvit khi ptai giam thi BDT co hs ko nhay nho(εnho)lap tuc phat huy tdung giam nhlieu cap vao dco. Trong kho do dco co BDT co ε lon chua kip p/ung lam cho dco nhan toan tai. Khi tai tang len thi nguoc lai.

Cau5: hay neu cac chi tieu kthuat d/v che do lv //. Phtich cac yto anh huong den su lv// cua cac dco?

Chi tieu kthuat d/v dco lv//

1. 2dco lai cvit): n1=n2 dac tinh tinh cua dco going nhau. M1=M2 dac tinh dong cau cac dco giong nhau

2. 2dco lai may phat lv//: f1=f2(tan so)/ u1=u2( dien ap)va thu tu pha nhu nhau(ket cau mphat) do lech pha=o

Cac yto anh huong den che do lv//:

- Anh huong cua hs ko nhayε cua cac BDt va hs ko dong deuδ. Trong thuc te hs εcua cac BDT bao gio cung khac nhau, muc do khac nhau tuy thuoc vao cac yto nhu che tao, laprap, van hanh, trthai kthuat cua BDT..mat khac hs ko dong deuδ cung phu thuoc vao ε co nghia la δ=δt+δd δt: hs ko dong deu tinh phu thuoc vao viec thay doi ty so truyen cau lhe nguoc phu. δd la hs ko dong deu dong phu thuoc vao ε

- Anh huong cua muc do phi tuyen khac nhau giua cac dac tinh dchinh cua BDT den su lv// cua dco: mac du chinh hs ko nhay va ko dong deu bang nhau nhung dac tinh dchinh cua BDT ko giong nhau, ko trung khit len nhau do do phi tuyen cua chung khac nhau. Deo do anh huong xau den hd cua dco. Khi muc do phi tuyen cua cac duong dactinh khac nhau se gay ra hien tuong phan bo tai ko dong deu o cac dco. Muc do phi tuyen khac nhau cang lon thi do lech tai cang nhieu

- Anh huong cua tchat dong cua dco va BDT den hd dong bo cua cac dco: khi kthac o chdo tinh thi lv tot nhung khi thay doi dong(phu tai thay doi) thi hdong dong bo rat kem gay ra su dao dong tai hay cuop tai cua nhau. Mat khac tgian xac lap trthai cbang bi keo dai. Nguyen nhan co ban la do hieu chinh dong cua BDT chua dung nhu tso thoi gian dieu chinh va do qua chinh hoac do trang thai cua cac dco ko giong nhau do laviec ko binh thuong nhu cac xilanh lv ko dong deu, nhlieu cap vao ko du, trthai kthuat cua tuabin gio tang ap kem...

Cau6: cac su co thuong gap cua HTTD dieu chinh qua trinh chay cua NHoi va bp khac phuc?

Cac su co thuong gap trong HTTD dieu chinh qua trinh chay cua NHoi cu the la:

1. Truc trac cua ht cap khong khi: luong khi cap vao ko du hoac qua nhieu, phin loc qua ban> ktra lai ht cap khi

2. Truc trac o su lv ko dong bo cua ht nhien lieu va ko khi(neu qtrinh chay theo pp //)

3. Truc trac o ht bao ve cua NH

4. Truc trac o ban than cac voi phun nhien lieu

Cac su co thuong gap o HTTD dieu chinh muc nuoc NH la:

1. Bo dieu chinh muc nuoc NH lv ko tot

2. Bo chuyen chi bao muc nuoc cua NH truc trac ko cap nuoc tu dong

3. Truc trac cua bom cap nuoc noi

4. Truc trac cua HTTD, bang dieu khien

5. Nang luong phu tro ko du....

Cau 7: truong hop tay ga dkhien tux a dco da keo ve vtri STOP song dco ko co knang STOP hoac tay ga dat toc do da thay doi nhung vquay cua dco ko thay ? neu nguyen nhan, cach khac phuc?

Ngueyn nhan:

1. thiet lap ko dung vtri "o' cua BCA hoac cac vi tri "o" cau cac BCA da bi pha vo

2. lap dat ko dung dan dong tu BDT den BCA haoc BDT den buong dkhien

3. cac bo phan dan dong tu BDT den buong dkhien bi lech

4. BDT hong, tay gay bi ket, hong

Cach khac phuc:

1. Dung dco bang cach ngat nhien lieu den cac BCA , lan luot cac BCA

2. Ktra dieu chinh dan dong tu BDT den BCA, tu BDT den tay ga> khac phuc ket, lech

3. Ktra BDT va co Phuong an khac phuc sua chua

Cau8: BDT dc trng bi nhung tbi phu nao?nham muc dich gi?

nhung tbi phu cua BDT nham tang them chuc nang BDT khi lv coi dco

1. Dkhien tux a vong quay va tai dco:+ gioi han tai d/v dco + dkhien congsuat dco o cac che do khai thac

2. Dam bao luong nhlieu thich hopkhi khoi dong dco nham toi uu hoa tgian khdong va khong lam dco bi qua tai

3. Tao knang rut ngan su qua tai cua dco

4. Toi uu hoa qtrinh khi tang tai

5. Dung su co dco khi mat ap luc dau boi tron va qua toc

6. Dung su co dco khi cac tbi phu cua dco hdong ko dam bao

Cau9: BDt dien tu MG-800 nguyen ly cau tao, pham vi ung dung??

La loai BDT co bo vi xu ly. Viec toi uu hoa qtrinh dkhien cua BDT dc thuc hien tu dong phu hop void k khai thac, dam bao nhung chuong trinh dkhien tot hon rat nhieu so voi BDT co khi va thuy luc. Viec ktra va bduong BDt dc thuc hian thuan loi nhanh chong voi nhung linh kien, khoi vi mach. Ket cau cua BDT gom ca ptu dien-co, ko co cac tphan thuy luc.

Bo dieu chinh: so sanh gtri toc do dat do nguoi dkhien dat truoc voi gia tri toc do thuc te cua dco dc do boi bo phat xung(pulse generator) qua bo bien doi so tin hieu do lech nay dc bo vi xu ly kieu tyle-tichphan-viphan(PID) tinh toan dua toi bo gioi han nhlieu va tao ra tin hieu dkhien tbi thuc hien(Actuator). Tbi thuc hien la 1 dco dien 1 chieu va dc noi voi thanh rang BCA-ma qua do dchinh luong nhlieu cap vao dcode duy tri toc do quay cua dco o gtri dat.

Cau10: nhung kniem cban ve HTDK tu xa va TDDK cua dco. Ve sodo khoi va gthich cac trthai lv cua dco lai vit?

KN: - hthong kd tu xa la ht ma qtrinh kd dc thuc hien tu buong dk trung tam nhung logic cac thao tact hi do con nguoi thuc hien

- HTTDDK tux a: la ht ma khi chuyen doi tay dkhien tu vtri STOP den bat ki vi tri nao, ht van tu hoan thanh cac thao tac theo 1 logic nhat dinhva dua dco den che do hdong ma nguoi dkhien mong muon 1 cach an toan va dam bao cac tso kthuat.

- Ve so do khoi:

Tbi dau vao

Cau 11: hay phan doan nguyen nhan co the gay ra cho dco kdong bang gio nen trong cac trhop: vquay cua dco ko du de dco tu no, ko co bieu hien gi la thieu gio nen dc cap vao dco. Gio nen ko vao du tat ca cac xilanh cau dco. Dco chi kdong dc voi 1 goc truc khuyu nhat dinh

TL: tren quan diem tu dong nguyen nhan co the gay ra nhu sau:

1. Vquay cua dco ko du de dco tu no, nguyen nhan co the do: BDT khong che toc do dat qua thap. Truong hop nay phai hieu chinh lai nmin dung voi yeu cau cua nha che tao.

2. Ko co bieu hien gi la thieu gio nen cap vao dco: truc trac o mach dieu khien kdong, chua du dieu kien kdong, tin hieu de mo van gio kdong chinh chua co.

Cau 12 hay trinh bay sodo mach dieu khien: kdong, thay doi toc do, dao chieu,dung dco cua HTTDDK dco diesel?

Chuong trinh kdong duoc thcu hien nhu sau:

1. Kiem tra cac dkien kdong

2. Mo van gio kdong chinh de dua gio vao hethong va vao tung xilanh. Cung tgian nay co tin hieu den bo phan cap nhlieu vao dco bang khoang 25%-40% luong nhlieu dinh muck hi kdong binh thuong va vao khoang 60% luong nhlieu khi kdong khan cap

3. Quay ve buoc 1 neu dco ko no.

4. Dong van kdong khi kdong thanh cong

Thuat toan dung dco:gom co dung binh thuong va dung su co

- Dung binh thuong:

- Dung su co

Dung bthuong: dua tay dkhien ve vtri STOP. Toc do dco giam ve min theo ctrinh dinh truoc thong qua dco tro dong cua BDt va dco se dung

Dung su co:, khi co tin hieu dung su co he thong thuc hien keo thanh rang nl ve vitri O thong qua tbi thuy luc, khi nen. Sau khi dung su co muon kdong laid co phai tim nguyen nhanva khac phuc sau do an nut RESET dua dc ova trthai dung bthuong.

Dao chieu: d/v hethong TDDK tux a. khi dco dang hdong o chieu tien hoac lui chi can dua tay dkhien theo chieu nguoc lai va dung vi tri mong muon.

Kdong: khi kdong thanh cong thi ngat gio. BDT se dua dco hdong o che do cong tac theo yeu cau

Chuong trinh dieu khien toc do quay cua dco lai chan vit dinh buoc:

- Dat gia tri vquay ban dau theo ycau

- Do gtri vquay tuc thoi cua dco.

- Thay doi vquay cua dco cho dat gtri vquay dat truoc.

- Duy tri vquay lv on dinh.

So do khoi: ve co 7 khoi

Cau13: nhung tso nao dc chi bao tu xa toi phong dkhien? Hinh thuc chi bao? Yeu to anh huong?

Tso dc chi bao tu xa den buong dkhien:

- Vong quay

- Chieu quay

- Ap suat va nhhiet do dau boi tron, dau lmat piston(neu piston lmat=dau)

- Ap suat va nhdo nuoc ngot lammat

- Ap suat va nhiet do nuoc bien vao cac sinh han

- Ap suat khi tang ap

- Vquay cua tuanbin khi xa

- Nhiet do truoc va sau tuabin khi xa

- Ap suat gio dkhien

- Tai cua dco

- Ap suat dau boi tron truc cam

- Ap suat va nhiet do cac be do

- Chi bao ra vao ly hop, may via....

Sai so cac tbi chi bao thuong xay ra do ton that nang luong, lau ngay nhiet dien tro kem,hong cac tbi dien, dien tu, vi mach cac tbi chi bao

Cau14: HTTD dieu khien may nen khi?

Doi tuong dieu khien la cum dco lai may nen vat so dieu chinh la ap suat khi nen

Chuc nang bao ve cua HT:

- Duy tri ap suat khi nen trong khoang gia tri nhat dinh

- Bao ve cum dco-may nen khi ap luc dau boi tron thap, mat nuoc lmat

- Dieu khien theo chuong trinh su lam viec cua cac van xa nuoc(xa nuoc tu dong)

- Trong 1 so truong hop ht dc thiet ke co bo phan tinh tgian lam viec cua may nen phuc vu cho viec sua chua, bduong.

Trong qtring khthac can luu y: dinh ky ktra cac ptu tu dong, cam bien, cac van xa nuoc dam bao do kin khit. Bao duong dinh ky may nen khi, dinh ky kiem tra cac role ap suat va dat dung gtri cho truoc.

Cau 15: trinh bay ngtac bo tri lap dat...? Khi bo dchinh hong thi xu ly the nao?

Neu sdung bo dieu chinh truc tiep trong khai thac can luu y boi tron cac co cau truyen dong, cum van va tranh va cham rung dong tu dau cam bien den van tu dong dieu chinh. Neu mach dieu chinh trang bi cac bo dieu chinh hdong gian tiep thi luu y nguon nang luong phu tro, ap luc va do sach cua cong chat cong tac, cac pp chinh dinh bo dchinh. Dua vao huong dan su dung

Trong khai thac khi bo tdong dchinh hong chuyen sang lv bang tay luu y cac van chan su dung bang tay de dam bao tso can dieu chinh nam trong pham vi cho phep.